Medium carbon steels along with austenitic alloys still mainly account for fabrication, machining, and structural sectors because of their balanced mechanical properties and availability through standards. C45 Round Bar is widely used in shaft manufacturing, gear blanks, and high-load studs, where it is usually identified under EN 10083–2 grade 1.0503 with a carbon content of about 0.42, 0.50 percent and is capable of giving tensile strengths ranging from 570 to 700 MPa after normalization. Being offered in sizes from 10 mm to 350 mm, it comes in hot rolled, peeled, and cold drawn forms with a possibility of induction hardening to improve surface wear resistance. Projects in Dammam and Jubail, for instance, frequently require performing dimensional tolerance checks, ultrasonic inspections, and having a mill test certificate to demonstrate that they are fit for use in rotating equipment and heavy-duty assemblies.
